Practical applications include welding parts or sections requiring leak tightness or waterproofing such as fuel tanks. Since sparks are not produced during welding, there are no safety problems and no need for protective equipment. This is cost effective because the welding speed is fast and no gas is used. Making a line of overlapping spot welds ensures leak tightness. The method is also called lap seam welding. A current is passed while the electrodes are rotated, and the heat generated by electrical resistance joins the weld materials continuously. In TIG cladding, all the conventional functions used in TIG welding remain fully applicable (AVC, oscillation, synchronisation of movements with the welding currents, etc.).Weld materials are held from above and below with circular electrodes. Ease of automation makes it possible to work with several torches, or wires to achieve productivity without affecting operability and the quality of the deposit. In TIG pipe cladding, due to the flexibility of the process, it is possible to work with a very wide energy range with welding currents from 80 to 450 A. The position welding capability of TIG cladding, gives operators greater flexibility and versatility with workpieces, which cannot always be suitably arranged for flat-position welding.
In TIG weld overlay, programming of precise parameters: cladding speed, currents, voltage, wire feed speed and preheating temperature, allows for greater control of the dilution rate (characterised by the mix of molten filler material with parent metal) thereby guaranteeing correct chemical composition of deposits. The welding sequences can be interrupted and resumed at any time, avoiding microcracks and craters at the start and end of beads.Welding energy transferred to the workpiece is controlled, optimising the ratio of welding energy-to-deposition rate according to workpiece typology.The separate control of arc energy and the quantity of metal deposited is advantageous when cladding tricky geometries.The accuracy of the process when welding overlay complex surfaces, especially when welding overlay zones with corners, curves or inside or outside edges, avoids the need for manual touch-ups.The use of TIG welding in this clad welding process has certain advantages: Weld overlay, or cladding, involves covering the ‘wetted’ surfaces of a workpiece (those exposed to hostile media) with a protective layer, usually of stainless steel or nickel-based alloy.
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